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音乐下载
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Slack key guitar, or Kī hō‘alu in Hawaiian, is a style of music originating in Hawaii using an acoustic guitar fingerpicking style. The strings of the guitar are mostly tuned to notes lower (i.e., "slacked") than that for a standard guitar tuning. Sometimes the tuning is a major chord, although it could also be a seventh, a sixth or (rarely) a minor chord.
In the oral-history account, the style originated from Mexican cowboys in the late 19th century. These paniolo gave Hawaiians the guitars and taught them the rudiments of playing, and then left, allowing the Hawaiians to develop the style on their own. (Musicologists and historians suggest that the story is more complicated, but this is the version that many Hawaiian musicians prefer.) Slack key guitar adapted to accompany the rhythms of Hawaiian dancing and the harmonic structures of Hawaiian music. Hawaiian music itself, which was promoted under the reign of King David Kalākaua as a matter of national pride, combined rhythms from traditional dance meters and imported military marches, and drew its melodies from both chant (mele and oli), Christian hymns (hīmeni), and the popular music brought in by the cosmopolitan peoples of the islands (although principally Americans).
The music didn't receive a national American audience during the Hawaiian music craze of the early 20th century, and outside of Hawaii, Hawaiian music came to be identified with steel guitar and ukulele. As a result, by the Hawaiian Renaissance of the 1970s, slack key came to be seen as one of the most genuine expressions of Hawaiian music, and experienced a surge in popularity, principally by Gabby Pahinui, Leonard Kwan, Sonny Chillingworth, Ray Kane and the more modern styles of Keola Beamer, his brother Kapono Beamer, and Peter Moon.
Currently, the music is most well-known (outside of Hawai'i) through George Winston's Dancing Cat record label, which puts out well-produced albums where the music is showcased in a solo, classical guitar-type setting. Some other popular players include: Ledward Kaapana, Ozzie Kotani, Cyril Pahinui, Dennis Kamakahi, George Kahumoku, Jr., and his brother Moses Kahumoku. One indication of slack key's increasing visibility beyond the Islands is that when The Recording Academy instituted a GRAMMY Award for Best Hawaiian Music Album, the first two winners were slack key collections: Slack Key Guitar, Volume 2 in 2005[] and Masters of Hawaiian Slack Key Guitar, Volume 1 in 2006.[]
Slack key guitar relies on numerous different tunings, with some tunings only commonly used for a single song, or by particular players. The most common tuning is Taro Patch, which is a G-major tuning.
The Hawaiian Renaissance was a resurgence in interest in Hawaiian music, especially slack-key, among ethnic Hawaiians. Long-standing performers like Gabby Pahinui found their careers revitalized; Pahinui, who had begun recording in 1947, finally reached mainstream audiences across the United States when Ry Cooder recorded him and his family. Pahinui inspired a legion of followers who played a mix of slack-key, reggae, country, rock and other styles. These included Leland Isaacs Sr., Sonny Chillingworth, Ray Kane, Ledward Ka`apana, Keola Beamer, Peter Moon and Leonard Kwan. George Kanahele's Hawaiian Music Foundation did much to spread slack-key and other forms of Hawaiian music, especially after a major 1972 concert.
Don Ho from the small Honolulu neighborhood of Kaka'ako figures among the more widely known Hawaiian musicians. Although he perhaps does not produce completely "traditional" Hawaiian music, Ho has become an unofficial ambassador of Hawaiian culture throughout the world as well as on the American mainland. Ho's style often appears to combine traditional Hawaiian elements and older 1950s and 1960s-style crooner music with an easy listening touch.
Slack key guitar, or Kī hō‘alu in Hawaiian, is a style of music originating in Hawaii using an acoustic guitar fingerpicking style. The strings of the guitar are mostly tuned to notes lower (i.e., "slacked") than that for a standard guitar tuning. Sometimes the tuning is a major chord, although it could also be a seventh, a sixth or (rarely) a minor chord.
In the oral-history account, the style originated from Mexican cowboys in the late 19th century. These paniolo gave Hawaiians the guitars and taught them the rudiments of playing, and then left, allowing the Hawaiians to develop the style on their own. (Musicologists and historians suggest that the story is more complicated, but this is the version that many Hawaiian musicians prefer.) Slack key guitar adapted to accompany the rhythms of Hawaiian dancing and the harmonic structures of Hawaiian music. Hawaiian music itself, which was promoted under the reign of King David Kalākaua as a matter of national pride, combined rhythms from traditional dance meters and imported military marches, and drew its melodies from both chant (mele and oli), Christian hymns (hīmeni), and the popular music brought in by the cosmopolitan peoples of the islands (although principally Americans).
The music didn't receive a national American audience during the Hawaiian music craze of the early 20th century, and outside of Hawaii, Hawaiian music came to be identified with steel guitar and ukulele. As a result, by the Hawaiian Renaissance of the 1970s, slack key came to be seen as one of the most genuine expressions of Hawaiian music, and experienced a surge in popularity, principally by Gabby Pahinui, Leonard Kwan, Sonny Chillingworth, Ray Kane and the more modern styles of Keola Beamer, his brother Kapono Beamer, and Peter Moon.
Currently, the music is most well-known (outside of Hawai'i) through George Winston's Dancing Cat record label, which puts out well-produced albums where the music is showcased in a solo, classical guitar-type setting. Some other popular players include: Ledward Kaapana, Ozzie Kotani, Cyril Pahinui, Dennis Kamakahi, George Kahumoku, Jr., and his brother Moses Kahumoku. One indication of slack key's increasing visibility beyond the Islands is that when The Recording Academy instituted a GRAMMY Award for Best Hawaiian Music Album, the first two winners were slack key collections: Slack Key Guitar, Volume 2 in 2005[] and Masters of Hawaiian Slack Key Guitar, Volume 1 in 2006.[]
Slack key guitar relies on numerous different tunings, with some tunings only commonly used for a single song, or by particular players. The most common tuning is Taro Patch, which is a G-major tuning.